Lesson 99
-s/-es
The suffixes -S and -ES make nouns plural and change a verb's tense
The purpose of this lesson is for students to understand the morphemes -S and -ES as suffixes that change tense or make words plural. The reading and spelling of words with -ES was addressed in Lesson 63. The suffix -ES is added to words that end in CH, SH, S, X, or Z. When the suffix -S is added to words that end in silent E, the sound of the E may change (e.g., house -> houses; place -> places). At this point, students can also decode the morphemes -ING and -ED. Grammar concepts such as parts of speech, verb tense, and proper use of helping verbs should be addressed separately when appropriate.
Today's plan
about 15 min- Step 1Warm up our ears (blend & segment)2 min
- Steps 2 & 3Look & Say / Listen & Spell4 min
- Step 4Blending drill3 min
- Step 5New concept + read/spell6 min
Warm Up Our Ears
Say the sounds; students blend them into a word. Then say a word; students break it apart.
Blend it (teacher says sounds → you say word)
Break it (I say word → you say sounds)
Flashcard Drills
Full-screen cards for the class. Tap a card to check the answer, or press Hear the words to hear the example words read aloud.
Blending Drill
Change one part at a time and read the new word.
New Concept
Today we learn that the suffixes -S and -ES can make nouns plural or change a verb's tense.
Highlighted words are the ones to show and practice reading — tap one to hear it.
Morphemes are word parts that change a word's meaning. A suffix is a morpheme we add to the end of a word. We already know a few suffixes: -S and -ES. When we add -S/-ES to nouns, the noun changes from singular to plural (e.g., cat, cats). Remember, nouns are words we use to identify people, animals, places, and things. Dog, shirt, and box are all nouns. The suffixes -S/-ES can also be added to verbs. Verbs are words we use to describe an action or something that is happening. Run, sing, and bite are verbs. We change the endings of verbs depending on whether we are describing our own actions or other people's actions and whether we are describing actions in the past, present, or future. This is called changing the verb's tense. Usually, simple present tense verbs do not have an ending: I run, you run, we run, they run. When we use a person's name or the pronouns he, she, or it, we change the verb ending to -S or -ES: He runs. She runs. It runs. The rule for adding -ES is the same for verbs as it is for nouns. We add -ES to verbs that end in CH, SH, S, X, or Z: wishes, fixes, passes.
-s/-es (nouns)
The suffixes -S/-ES make nouns plural, changing them from singular to plural (e.g., cat, cats; dish, dishes).
-s/-es (verbs)
The suffixes -S/-ES also change a verb's tense when used with a person's name or the pronouns he, she, or it (e.g., He runs. She fixes.).